Coding guidelines

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Best practices for tagging Do a first reading When working with a new dataset, read through some of the documents before starting to code. This will help to gain a sense of the main themes that are likely to emerge. Use the search function If you are uncertain about the importance of a theme, or discover that you overlooked an important theme earlier on in your coding, use the fulltext search function in Zotero to find and code passages on related topics. Use prefixes to group codes Use prefixes to group tags. In contrast to NVivo, which uses a hierarchical coding structure (code tree), Zotero supports a flat tag list. This supports an inductive approach to coding, whereby codes are generated from the data and later grouped, rather than being organized from the outset into conceptual categories. Since codes are listed alphabetically in Zotero, an easy way to group them is by using prefixes. For example, we can have groups such as "WELL-BEING: satisfaction with work" and "WELL-BEING: poverty". Always keep working definitions Always keep working definitions of tags. As you work through a dataset, your understanding of the represented themes and concepts should evolve, and precisely stated definitions allow you to distinguish between similar themes or concepts -- allowing you...

Inductive coding (tagging) guidelines These steps are for coding a document in Zotero. STAGE 1. Tag documents: Open coding Using the Zotero desktop application, open the PDF attachment for the item to be coded. The PDF should open in a new tab within the Zotero application. If you don’t see the notes sidebar, click on the “Toggle Sidebar” icon at the top left of the PDF reader interface. Reading through the document, highlight each natural segment – a sentence or passage that contains a distinct idea – to create a quote. You can highlight the passage using any colour you like. For each highlight, attach one or more tags, to capture the content of the passage. Click on the text from the highlight in the sidebar, then “Add tags…”. Each tag should be a word or short phrase from the quote (in vivo coding), OR a specific keyword that encapsulates the significant information from the quote (descriptive coding). For an interview, the tag should not simply identify the question being addressed, but should capture the claim, opinion, or language expressed in response to that question. If the highlighted passage suggests a distinct point or question that you think may be important in the analysis, use the “Add comment…”...

Introduction to QDA QDA is a process of applying thematic codes to documents or segments within them, to aid in analysis. For example, individual responses within a series of interview transcripts could be annotated with thematic codes such as “wholesale price”, “well-being”, “labour”, “role of children”, and the like, matching the content of each response. The QDA software application can then aggregate all passages matching the same theme, providing a simple way of looking for commonalities and variations across a large dataset. For more detail, see Coding (social sciences) on Wikipedia.